A 62-year old male patient presents to the clinic for extraction of unrestorable teeth #13, #14, #17 and #19. The last time this patient had multiple teeth extracted in 1999 he reported that he was prescribed Codeine by Dr. Smith, which he remembers provided him great relief during his time of recovery. The patient’s former dentist Dr. Smith is a colleague of yours to whom you often refer patients. You explain to the patient that Codeine is not needed for pain management and there are contraindications to prescribing Codeine for the extraction procedures that were completed on this date of service.